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運(yùn)動(dòng)鍛煉對(duì)慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺康復(fù)的干預(yù)效果

Effect of exercise intervention for pulmonary rehabilitation inpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

作者: 金丹  楊劍  孫怡寧  張永亮 
單位:中國科學(xué)院合肥智能機(jī)械研究所(合肥230031)
關(guān)鍵詞: 慢性阻塞性肺疾病;運(yùn)動(dòng)鍛煉;干預(yù)效果;個(gè)性化;運(yùn)動(dòng)處方 
分類號(hào):R318.04
出版年·卷·期(頁碼):2017·36·5(540-544)
摘要:

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)是一種具有氣流受限特征,可以預(yù)防和治療的慢性疾病。該疾病患病率和病死率較高,且嚴(yán)重影響患者的生命質(zhì)量,給患者家庭和社會(huì)帶來沉重的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。運(yùn)動(dòng)鍛煉可以改善COPD患者的呼吸困難和疲勞狀況,提高運(yùn)動(dòng)能力、肌肉力量和生活質(zhì)量,還能減少住院率。研究表明,不同類型的運(yùn)動(dòng)鍛煉對(duì)COPD的干預(yù)效果存在差異,如步行鍛煉可以改善COPD患者的身體功能和運(yùn)動(dòng)耐受性,傳統(tǒng)抗阻運(yùn)動(dòng)鍛煉可以改善COPD患者的上下肢肌肉強(qiáng)度和運(yùn)動(dòng)能力。本文綜述了不同類型的有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)和抗阻運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)不同病程COPD患者的干預(yù)效果,強(qiáng)調(diào)了運(yùn)動(dòng)處方個(gè)性化的重要性,并討論了運(yùn)動(dòng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和規(guī)避方法,為慢阻肺患者的運(yùn)動(dòng)康復(fù)提供指導(dǎo)性建議。

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic, preventable and treatable disease characterized by airflow limitation .The disease has higher prevalence and mortality which seriously affects the quality of life in patients and brings a heavy financial burden to patient’s family and society. Exercise can improve the dyspnea and fatigue condition of COPD patients,exercise capacity,muscle strength and quality of life,but also reduce the hospitalization rate. Studies shows that different kind of exercise have different intervention effect on COPD,for example,walking can improve the body function and exercise tolerance of COPD patients,traditional resistance exercise can improve the lower limb muscle strength and exercise capacity in patients with COPD. The article reviews the different types of aerobic exercise and resistance exercise intervention for patients with COPD of different courses,emphasizes the importance of personalized exercise prescription and discusses the moment of risk and aversion methods,provides a guidance for sports rehabilitation of patients with COPD.

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