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運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)動(dòng)脈內(nèi)皮功能的調(diào)控及血流剪切力的介導(dǎo)作用

Regulation of artery endothelial function by exercisetraining and the role of wall shear stress

作者: 王艷霞  劉海斌  劉波  元文學(xué)  劉書田  覃開蓉 
單位:大連理工大學(xué)工程力學(xué)系工業(yè)裝備結(jié)構(gòu)分析國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室(遼寧大連116024)
關(guān)鍵詞: 運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練;脈動(dòng)血流;后向血流分量;壁面剪切力;動(dòng)脈內(nèi)皮功能;細(xì)胞力信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo) 
分類號(hào):R318.01
出版年·卷·期(頁碼):2017·36·6(639-647)
摘要:

正常的動(dòng)脈內(nèi)皮功能在調(diào)節(jié)血管通透性、維持正常的凝血功能以及免疫、炎癥反應(yīng)中起重要作用,受損的內(nèi)皮功能則可引起血管的重構(gòu)以及血栓、動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化等疾病的發(fā)生和發(fā)展。合理的運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練能夠通過促進(jìn)一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)、前列環(huán)素(prostacyclin,PGI2)等物質(zhì)的分泌來維持和改善動(dòng)脈內(nèi)皮功能,并預(yù)防動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化的發(fā)生。而高強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練則會(huì)導(dǎo)致氧化應(yīng)激的發(fā)生并降低NO的生物活性,從而造成內(nèi)皮功能障礙及心血管疾病的發(fā)生。大量研究表明,運(yùn)動(dòng)引起的血流剪切力幅度及形式的變化在上述血管生物學(xué)響應(yīng)中起重要的介導(dǎo)作用。本文綜述了運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練對(duì)動(dòng)脈內(nèi)皮功能的調(diào)控作用、血流剪切力的介導(dǎo)作用以及相關(guān)分子生物學(xué)機(jī)制等方面的研究進(jìn)展,為進(jìn)一步深入研究運(yùn)動(dòng)調(diào)控內(nèi)皮功能的血流動(dòng)力學(xué)機(jī)制特別是血流剪切力的重要介導(dǎo)作用提供參考,同時(shí)也為通過監(jiān)控血流剪切力等血流動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)以選擇最佳運(yùn)動(dòng)方式提供一定的科學(xué)依據(jù)。

Endothelium with normal function plays a vital role in regulating vascular permeability,maintaining coagulation function,as well as immunological and inflammatory reaction,yet impaired endothelial function may lead to the formation and development of atherosclerosis.Moderate-intensity exercise training can improve arterial endothelial function and then prevent the occurrence of atherosclerosis mainly due to the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin (PGI2),while high-intensity exercise training is reported to augment cardiovascular risk associated with the occurrence of oxidative stress and the decrease of NO bioavailability.A number of investigations have demonstrated that the variations in the amplitude and pattern of wall shear stress induced by exercise training mediate the above-mentioned biological responses.In this article,we summarize the regulation of exercise training on artery endothelial function and the role of wall shear stress induced by exercises,as well as the associated molecular biological mechanism,which may provide references to further studying the underlying hemodynamic mechanisms in modulation of endothelial function by exercises,especially the exercise-induced wall shear stress in this modulation,and offer scientific evidences to monitor wall shear stress and other hemodynamic parameters to fit the optimal exercise modality.

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