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Objective Radiofrequency ablation of renal sympathetic nerve in the treatment of resistant hypertension has obtained certainly effect in clinical. It is inserted into the renal artery to release energy by radiofrequency catheter, selectively destroyed renal sympathetic nerve fibers on the outer membrane, finally to achieve the antihypertensive by reducing the excitability. But the radio-frequency energy penetrating power of sympathetic nerve influenced by ablation conditions. This experiment adopts the ex-vivo hepatic vascular to simulate renal artery to explore the change of temperature field under the different ablation conditions. Methods We used the blood vessels of ex-vivo bovine liver (n = 21) , with blood flow simulated by water pump. For collecting the temperature field data for perivascular tissues and the flow downstream, measured from 8-10 mm above the ablation point and the temperature of the downstream water district to study the impact under the ablation conditions. By changing the ablation time andflow velocity, the ablation results were analyzed under different conditions. Results (1) Ablation point was fixed in water inlet, when the distance form ablation point and temperature measuring point in the center of downstream water increased, the temperature ΔT mean value of water reduced. The water temperature rose by only 1. 11 ℃ with 7 cm distance. (2) Ablation time increases by 8 min to 10 min, the water temperature ΔT value and the temperature above the ablation point ΔT value increased. (3) Flow velocity increased from 0. 28 m/s to 0. 365 m/s, the ΔT of water temperature and temperature above the ablation point ΔT value were decreased. (4) For the temperature changes caused by radiofrequency ablation, increased by an average of3. 97 ℃ above the ablation point, while 2. 17 ℃ in flow center. Conclusions Radiofrequency ablation in blood vessels within 10 min, the temperature of peripheral tissue and downstream flow rise, no more than 6 ℃ in maximum. The influence on blood flow is limited, basic verified the feasibility of endovascular radiofrequency ablation therapy.