北京生物醫(yī)學(xué)工程

往復(fù)式電磁鐵驅(qū)動搏動式血泵的可行性研究

Feasibility study on pulsatile blood pump driven by a reciprocating electromagnet

作者：伍進平葛斌方旭晨張少偉張磊魏凌軒

單位：上海理工大學(xué)（上海 200093)<p>上海市東醫(yī)院危重癥醫(yī)學(xué)科（上海 200438）</p>

關(guān)鍵詞：體外膜肺氧合；往復(fù)式電磁鐵；磁力；搏動式血泵

分類號：R318.01

出版年·卷·期（頁碼）：2019·38·1（67-74）

摘要：

目的為了得到更適合血液循環(huán)的動力裝置，提出一種用于體外膜肺氧合(extracorporeal membrane oxygenation，ECMO)系統(tǒng)由電磁鐵驅(qū)動的搏動式血泵，并研究其可行性。方法首先利用電磁原理設(shè)計出電磁驅(qū)動機構(gòu)，主要部件包括對稱的兩個電磁鐵和壓簧，兩個電磁鐵交替通電下使得動鐵芯往復(fù)運動；利用容積控制原理，泵腔在動鐵芯的驅(qū)動下收縮舒張；然后根據(jù)上述原理設(shè)計出血泵模型，包括電磁驅(qū)動部件和泵腔；最后建立包括血泵、電路控制部分、示波器、加速度傳感器、輸入輸出管路和儲液池的試驗臺，對血泵模型進行驅(qū)動力和流量輸出測試。結(jié)果血泵模型在通電電壓7～12 V時動鐵芯的初始驅(qū)動力為2.97～8.00 N。血泵模型產(chǎn)生的初始驅(qū)動力與工作電壓呈正相關(guān)非線性關(guān)系，當(dāng)通入電壓12 V時血泵模型初始驅(qū)動力滿足要求。當(dāng)前壓與后壓為0、頻率80次/min、工作電壓7～12 V時的流量輸出為0.97～3.81 L/min。當(dāng)前壓與后壓為零，工作電壓12 V、頻率60～90次/min時的流量輸出為3.1～3.8 L/min。當(dāng)工作電壓12 V、頻率80次/min、前壓0～40 cmH2O和后壓50～110 cmH2O時的流量輸出為0.55～3.59 L/min。血泵流量與工作電壓和頻率呈正相關(guān)，與后壓呈負相關(guān)，與前壓無顯著性相關(guān)。結(jié)論往復(fù)式電磁鐵驅(qū)動搏動式血泵基本滿足ECMO臨床要求，具有重要應(yīng)用前景，對體外循環(huán)血泵的發(fā)展具有重要意義，但仍需進一步研究和改進。

Objective In order to obtain a power device that is more suitable for blood circulation, we proposes a pulse pump for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) system driven by an electromagnet and studies its feasibility. Methods Firstly, the electromagnetic drive mechanism is designed by using the electromagnetic principle. The main components include two symmetrical electromagnets and springs. The two electromagnets are alternately energized to make the moving iron core reciprocate.Using the principle of volume control, the pump cavity shrinks and relaxes under the action of moving iron core;Then design the pump model based on the above principles, including the electromagnetic drive components and pump chambers; Finally, a test bench including a blood pump, a circuit control section, an oscilloscope, an accelerometer, an input/output circuit, and a reservoir was established, and the blood pump model was tested for driving force and flow output. Results In the blood pump model, the initial driving force of the moving iron core is 2.97-8.00 N when the energizing voltage is 7-12 V.The initial driving force generated by the blood pump model has a positive correlation with the working voltage. When the voltage is 12 V, the initial driving force of the blood pump model meets the requirements.The flow rate output is 0.97-3.81 L/min when the front pressure and back pressure are zero, the frequency is 80 times/min, and the working voltage is 7-12V.When the front pressure and back pressure are zero, when the operating voltage is 12 V, the flow output at a frequency of 60 to 90 times/min is 3.1 to 3.8 L/min.When the operating voltage is 12V and the frequency is 80 times/min, the flow output when the front pressure is 0-40 cmH2O and the back pressure is 50-110 cmH2O is 0.55-3.59 L/min.The blood pump flow is positively correlated with the working voltage and frequency, negatively correlated with the back pressure, and had no significant correlation with the front pressure. Conclusions The reciprocating electromagnet-driven pulsed blood pump basically meets the clinical requirements of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, but further research and improvement are needed. The feasibility study has important application prospects and has important significance for the development of extracorporeal circulation blood pump.

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