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情感識別是讓計算機感知人類情感狀態(tài)從而進(jìn)行人機情感交互的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，已經(jīng)成為人工智能領(lǐng)域的研究熱點。計算機對人類情感的感知可分為“感”和“知”兩部分：“感”是指計算機對人類面部表情和語音等非生理信號以及外圍神經(jīng)和腦部電信號等生理信號的獲取；“知”是指計算機對獲取信號的識別和推斷。基于腦電信號的感知方法因其具有較高的識別率而成為情感識別最主要的手段之一，其主要步驟為腦電信號獲取、預(yù)處理、特征提取以及分類識別。本文對腦電情感識別方法中各步驟所涉及的研究方法進(jìn)行了歸納和總結(jié)，介紹了腦電信號的采集和常用數(shù)據(jù)庫以及去除偽跡信號的預(yù)處理方法，從時域、頻域、時頻域和非線性動力學(xué)角度歸納了腦電信號的特征提取方法，總結(jié)了常用的機器識別分類的無監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)和有監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)方法，最后探討了腦電信號情感識別研究中存在的問題并展望了未來發(fā)展方向，以期為相關(guān)研究帶來一定的借鑒。

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