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當(dāng)前醫(yī)生對心血管疾病的診斷主要依賴對患者心血管影像的分析，同時，醫(yī)生還需要考慮患者的各項生理健康指標(biāo)、既往病史、生活環(huán)境等信息，該方法存在效率低和成本高等問題。因此，人們試圖利用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)方法輔助心血管疾病的診斷。本文首先總結(jié)了機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)在冠狀動脈計算機(jī)斷層掃描、超聲心動圖、心電圖等多種心血管影像處理中的應(yīng)用；其次，對現(xiàn)有的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)模型進(jìn)行了評估和分析；最后，本文認(rèn)為雖然現(xiàn)有的基于機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的心血管疾病診斷方法已經(jīng)可以媲美專業(yè)醫(yī)生的水平，但是，該方法仍面臨醫(yī)學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)難以大量采集、醫(yī)學(xué)成像信噪比低等困難。未來的研究方向應(yīng)在小樣本診斷模型的性能、多模態(tài)醫(yī)學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)的融合、醫(yī)學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)的共享等方面繼續(xù)改進(jìn)。

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