北京生物醫(yī)學(xué)工程

基于高溫擠出打印的PLGA/β-TCP人工骨支架制備及其性能研究

Preparation and properties of PLGA/β-TCP artificial bone scaffold based on high temperature extrusion printing

作者：史耕田馬志勇錢正徐文寬王啟帆

單位：寧波大學(xué)機械工程與力學(xué)學(xué)院（浙江寧波 3152110；湖州師范學(xué)院工學(xué)院(浙江湖州 313000）湖州艾先特電子科技有限公司（浙江湖州 313000）

關(guān)鍵詞：人工骨支架；PLGA/β-TCP；高溫擠出打印；力學(xué)性能；細胞增殖性能

分類號：R318.08；R318.01

出版年·卷·期（頁碼）：2020·39·3（264-270）

摘要：

目的制備具有較優(yōu)力學(xué)性能和細胞增殖特性的聚乳酸-羥基乙酸共聚物/β-磷酸三鈣[poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) / β-tricalcium phosphate，PLGA/β-TCP]人工骨支架，為骨組織工程支架材料和結(jié)構(gòu)的選擇提供實驗依據(jù)。方法以PLGA和納米β-TCP為原材料，先將PLGA在加熱筒中高溫熔融，再將β-TCP混合攪拌均勻進行打印，采用高溫擠出打印方法制備人工骨支架，研究不同材料配比(PLGA與β-TCP配比為4:1、3:1、2:1)、不同孔徑(200 μm、300 μm和400 μm)、不同層高(4.2mm、5.4mm和6.6mm)以及不同孔形(方形、45°傾斜和60°傾斜)對支架力學(xué)性能和細胞增殖性能的影響。打印了9組支架，利用掃描電鏡分析了支架的形貌特征，用萬能材料試驗機測試了支架的抗壓強度、彈性模量，用CCK-8試劑盒進行了細胞增殖性能測試。最后對實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行極差分析，得出最優(yōu)組合，并制作相應(yīng)的支架，進行力學(xué)性能和生物性能的測試。結(jié)果在力學(xué)性能實驗中，S5組支架顯示出最好的抗壓強度（7.23 MPa），S9組支架顯示出最好的楊氏模量（356.1 MPa），與骨小梁相當；在細胞增殖實驗中，S1組支架顯示出最好的增殖特性。通過正交實驗法，分析并實驗驗證，得出綜合性能最優(yōu)的支架參數(shù)為材料配比為4:1、層高為6.6 mm、孔型為45°傾斜以及孔徑為200μm。結(jié)論材料配比為4:1、層高為6.6 mm、孔型為45°傾斜以及孔徑為200μm的支架基本能夠滿足某些松質(zhì)骨（如骨小梁）的力學(xué)性能和細胞增殖性能，并可為后續(xù)相關(guān)研究提供實驗和理論基礎(chǔ)。

Objective To obtain poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) / β-tricalcium phosphate (PLGA/β-TCP )artificial bone scaffolds with superior mechanical and cell proliferation characteristics under different structures and materials ratios through orthogonal experiment. The high temperature extrusion printing method is used to provide an experimental basis for the preparation of selection of bone tissue engineering scaffold materials and structures with sufficient mechanical properties and good biological properties. Methods Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and nano-β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) were used as the source materials. The PLGA was first melted in a heating cylinder at a high temperature, and the β-TCP was uniformly mixed and printed. Artificial bone scaffolds were preparated by high-temperature extrusion printing method, and we studied the impact of ratio of different materials (PLGA and β-TCP ratio is 4:1, 3:1, 2:1), different pore sizes (200μm, 300μm and 400μm), different layer height effects of (4.2 mm, 5.4 mm, and 6.6 mm) and different hole shapes (square 45°, and 60° tilt) on mechanics and cell proliferation performance. Nine groups of scaffold were printed. The morphology of the scaffolds was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The compressive strength, elastic modulus of the scaffolds were tested by universal materials testing machine，and cell proliferation comprehensive performance was tested by CCK-8. Finally, the experimental data were range analyzed. The range analysis gived the optimal combination and scaffolds of the parameters obtained from the data analysis were fabricated ，it was tested for mechanical properties and biological properties. Results In the mechanical properties experiment, the S5 group showed the best compressive strength (7.23 MPa), and the S9 group showed the best Young's modulus (356.1 MPa), which was comparable to the trabecular bone; In cell proliferation experiments, the S1 group showed the best proliferation characteristics. Through orthogonal experiment, analysis and experimental verification, the optimal scaffold performance parameters were ratio of 4:1 of PLGA and β-TCP , layer height 6.6mm, hole shape 45°tilt and pore size 200μm. Conclusions The scaffolds with a material ratio of 4:1, a layer height of 6.6 mm, a pore shape of 45° inclination, and a pore diameter of 200 μm have an optimum mechanical and cell proliferation comprehensive performance，which provide a better scaffold that can basically meet certain the mechanical properties and cell proliferation properties of some cancellous bones (eg, trabecular bone), and provide experimental and theoretical basis for subsequent related research.

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