北京生物醫(yī)學(xué)工程

大動(dòng)物節(jié)段性骨缺損模型的研究進(jìn)展

Research progress of large animal segmental bone defect models

作者：陳胡貴覃建國(guó) 李理石展英潘浩波李兵崔旭

單位：廣西醫(yī)科大學(xué)第四附屬醫(yī)院/柳州市工人醫(yī)院（廣西柳州 545005）中國(guó)科學(xué)院院深圳先進(jìn)技術(shù)研究院（廣東深圳 518055）

關(guān)鍵詞：節(jié)段性骨缺損；生物材料；骨缺損修復(fù)；動(dòng)物模型

分類號(hào)：R318

出版年·卷·期（頁(yè)碼）：2021·40·2（203-208）

摘要：

四肢節(jié)段性骨缺損，尤其是臨界尺寸節(jié)段性骨缺損的修復(fù)仍然是骨科最具挑戰(zhàn)性的難題之一。人工骨材料逐漸取代自體骨及同種異體骨成為骨缺損修復(fù)的研究熱點(diǎn)。為了評(píng)價(jià)人工骨材料作為骨缺損修復(fù)替代物的發(fā)展前景，有必要建立可重復(fù)且有效的節(jié)段性骨缺損動(dòng)物模型，以便成功地探索和轉(zhuǎn)化這一領(lǐng)域的新成果。盡管眾多學(xué)者都致力該領(lǐng)域的研究，但目前尚無一種理想的大動(dòng)物節(jié)段性骨缺損模型能完美模擬人類骨結(jié)構(gòu)和力學(xué)特征。因此本文將重點(diǎn)介紹用于評(píng)價(jià)人工骨材料常用且有效的大動(dòng)物節(jié)段性骨缺損模型的研究進(jìn)展，對(duì)臨界尺寸骨缺損大小的取值、常用建模動(dòng)物的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)、節(jié)段性骨缺損模型的建立、骨材料的不同固定方法等方面進(jìn)行綜述，以促進(jìn)大動(dòng)物節(jié)段性骨缺損模型的優(yōu)化改進(jìn)。

The repair of segmental bone defects of extremities, especially those of critical size, is still one of the most challenging problems in orthopaedics. Artificial bone has gradually replaced autogenous bone and allogeneic bone to become the research focus of bone defect repair. In order to evaluate the development of artificial bone as a substitute for repairing bone defects, it is necessary to establish a reproducible and effective animal model of segmental bone defects in order to explore and transform the new achievements in this field. Although many researchers have been devoted to this field, there is not an ideal model of segmental bone defects in large animals that can perfectly simulate human bone structure and mechanical characteristics. Therefore, this article will focus on the evaluation of artificial bone materials commonly used and effective large animal segmental bone defects model of research progress. This article reviews the critical size of bone defect, the advantages and disadvantages of different modeling animals, the establishment of segmental bone defect model in large animals, and the different fixation methods of bone materials, to improve the model of segmental bone defect in large animals.

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