北京生物醫(yī)學(xué)工程

基于頻率調(diào)諧的非侵入性神經(jīng)調(diào)制手段在精神疾病中的應(yīng)用

Applications of frequency-tuned non-invasiveneural modulation in neuropsychiatric diseases

作者：劉靜靜丁悅楊志

單位：上海交通大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院附屬精神衛(wèi)生中心(上海 200030) 上海交通大學(xué)心理與行為科學(xué)研究院(上海 200030) 通信作者:丁悅。E-mail: [email protected]

關(guān)鍵詞：頻率調(diào)諧;神經(jīng)調(diào)制;神經(jīng)振蕩;非侵入性;精神疾病

分類號：R318

出版年·卷·期（頁碼）：2021·40·6（622-628）

摘要：

大腦中不同節(jié)律的神經(jīng)振蕩與認知、注意、記憶、情緒等功能，及多種神經(jīng)精神疾病的臨床癥狀密切相關(guān)。通過外部施加節(jié)律性刺激可以調(diào)制神經(jīng)活動。大腦內(nèi)特定頻率的神經(jīng)振蕩被外界節(jié)律性刺激調(diào)制而產(chǎn)生相位鎖定的現(xiàn)象稱為神經(jīng)振蕩-外界節(jié)律同步化。這種同步化現(xiàn)象為非侵入性神經(jīng) 調(diào)制提供了新思路。目前，基于頻率調(diào)諧的非侵入性神經(jīng)調(diào)制方法已被應(yīng)用于精神疾病干預(yù)，通過調(diào)控神經(jīng)活動可緩解精神疾病患者的癥狀。對基于頻率調(diào)諧的非侵入性神經(jīng)調(diào)制方法及其臨床應(yīng)用進行總結(jié)將有助于促進其技術(shù)發(fā)展及進一步的應(yīng)用推廣。本文首先介紹了神經(jīng)振蕩-外界節(jié)律同步化的潛在機制,然后總結(jié)了當前基于頻率調(diào)諧的非侵入性神經(jīng)調(diào)制方法，接著梳理了其在精神疾病領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用，最后對其未來的發(fā)展方向進行了展望。基于頻率調(diào)諧的非侵入性神經(jīng)調(diào)制手段不僅有助于理解神經(jīng)振蕩與精神疾病的關(guān)系，發(fā)現(xiàn)精神疾病的神經(jīng)標志物，而且為精神疾病的非侵入性神經(jīng)調(diào)控提供了新的方法和思路。

Neural oscillations of different rhythms in the brain are closely related to human cognition, attention, memory, emotion and the clinical symptoms of neurological and mental disorders. The rhythm of external stimulation can modulate neural activity. Neural entrainment refers to the phenomenon that the neural oscillation of a specific frequency in the brain is modulated by the external rhythmic stimulation, resulting in phase locking. This kind of synchronization provides new ideas for non-invasive neural modulation. The frequency-tuned non-invasive neural modulation has been applied to mental disorders intervention, as the symptoms of patients can be alleviated by effective modulation of neural activity. A summary of the methodology and clinical applications of frequency-tuned non-invasive neural modulation could help with the technical development and further application promotion. This paper reviews the potential mechanisms and applications of current frequency-tuned non-invasive neuromodulation methods in the field of mental disorders, and discusses the future research directions. Frequency-tuned non- invasive neural modulation not only helps to study the relationship between neural oscillations and psychiatric disorders so as to uncover neural markers of mental disorders, but also provides new ideas and methods for non- invasive neuromodulation of mental disorders.

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