北京生物醫(yī)學(xué)工程

預(yù)防股骨頭壞死塌陷的內(nèi)置物設(shè)計及有限元分析

Design of implant and finite element analysis for preventing collapse in osteonecrosis of the femoral head

作者：毛瑞郝鵬黃鑫羅艷

單位：四川省醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院·四川省人民醫(yī)院（成都 610072），北京航空航天大學(xué)生物與醫(yī)學(xué)工程學(xué)院（北京 100191），電子科技大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院（成都 610054）<br />通訊作者：郝鵬。E-mail：[email protected]

關(guān)鍵詞：股骨頭壞死；股骨頭塌陷；內(nèi)置物設(shè)計；生物力學(xué)；有限元分析

分類號：R318.01 

出版年·卷·期（頁碼）：2022·41·6（558-564）

摘要：

目的基于目前股骨頭植入裝置對股骨頭支撐不足的問題，設(shè)計一種帽形股骨頭內(nèi)置物并運用有限元分析探討植入后對股骨應(yīng)力分布的影響，評估其在臨床應(yīng)用的可能性。方法股骨頭內(nèi)置物由弧形帽和柱形短柄組成，弧形帽采用多孔材料；選取健康成人股骨為研究對象，根據(jù)CT掃描圖像建立正常股骨頭模型和植入術(shù)后遠(yuǎn)期有限元模型；根據(jù)骨密度分區(qū)設(shè)置材料屬性，施加雙足站立生理載荷條件，計算分析植入內(nèi)置物前后股骨頭應(yīng)力分布。結(jié)果術(shù)后內(nèi)置物弧形帽下方骨組織節(jié)點應(yīng)力均值低于術(shù)前模型，差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義；股骨頸部應(yīng)力峰值及接觸內(nèi)置物柄部末端的區(qū)域應(yīng)力水平增加，股骨頭其他結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)力無顯著變化。結(jié)論帽形內(nèi)置物植入后能夠降低股骨頭應(yīng)力水平并形成穩(wěn)固支撐結(jié)構(gòu)，有希望應(yīng)用于股骨頭壞死早期的臨床治療。

Objective To provide sufficient mechanical support for the femoral head, a cap-shaped titanium alloy implant was designed and finite element analysis was applied to investigate the biomechanical behaviour in the treatment for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Methods The implant consisted of a porous cap and a stem. Based on CT imaging data of a healthy volunteer, three-dimensional femur models before and after implantation were developed. Material properties were assigned by bone density and the stress of the femoral head was calculated in weight bearing. Results After the implantation, Von mises stress of the femoral head underside the porous cap decreased significantly, peak stress of femoral neck and the region around the stem increased, other region of the femur remained unchanged; Conclusions The cap-shaped implant is conducive to reduce the stress inside the femoral head and provide sufficient biomechanical support which might be a promising substitute for the treatment of early stage ONFH.

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