北京生物醫(yī)學(xué)工程

一種測(cè)量液體聲衰減的新方法：雙界面回波法

Dual-Boundary Echo Comparison: A Novel Method for Measurement of Ultrasound Attenuation in Fluid

作者：王芳芳鄭政趙智慧

單位：上海理工大學(xué)醫(yī)療器械與食品學(xué)院醫(yī)學(xué)電子學(xué)科研實(shí)驗(yàn)室(上海200093)

關(guān)鍵詞：雙界面回波法；聲衰減；血液

分類(lèi)號(hào)：

出版年·卷·期（頁(yè)碼）：2010·29·3（249-255）

摘要：

血液超聲衰減系數(shù)(ultrasoundary attenuation coefficient，USAC)與其生物物理特性有關(guān)，其在體測(cè)量具有重要的臨床意義。作為USAC經(jīng)典測(cè)量方法的插入替代法不適合在體測(cè)量，而由于血液自身散射較小，基于散射回波的在體測(cè)量方法也不適用于血液。為此本文提出一種新的測(cè)量液體衰減系數(shù)的方法——雙界面回波法(dual-boundary echo comparison，DBEC)。該方法通過(guò)比較超聲在液體和容器壁構(gòu)成的界面上產(chǎn)生的前后兩個(gè)回波的幅度比來(lái)估計(jì)液體的USAC。血管是血液的天然容器，血管壁回波比血液散射回波大，故DBEC方法有望克服現(xiàn)有方法的局限性。在通過(guò)體模實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證DBEC方法的過(guò)程中，樣品盒用有機(jī)玻璃制成，樣品分別為蓖麻油和雞血。實(shí)驗(yàn)所得到的蓖麻油USAC和參考資料的數(shù)值相差9.2%，而且觀察到雞血USAC隨溫度的變化情況。體模實(shí)驗(yàn)說(shuō)明了DBEC方法的準(zhǔn)確性和應(yīng)用于血液的靈敏度，為DBEC的進(jìn)一步在體實(shí)驗(yàn)打下了基礎(chǔ)。

Ultrasound attenuation coefficient (USAC) of blood characterizes its biophysical properties, whose in vivo measurement is important in clinical application. However the classical substitution method of USAC is not suitable for in vivo measurement, while the methods based on scattering echo do not apply to blood due to its weak scattering. In this paper, a novel method for measurement of ultrasound attenuation in fluid-dual-boundary echo comparison (DBEC) is presented. The method compared the amplitudes of anterior and posterior ultrasound echoes on the boundary between fluid and container wall to and estimate USAC of the fluid. Vessel is a natural container of blood, and echoes from vessel wall is far larger than blood scattering echoes, so it is possible to estimate the USAC by using DBEC method. We also implemented phantom experiment to test DBEC method with plexiglass as container and castor oil and chicken blood as sample. The relevant error of castor oil USAC between experiment measured and reference was 9.2%. Moreover, changes of chicken blood USAC with temperature were also detected. Phantom experiments presented accuracy of DBEC and the sensitivity to the blood application, which is the foundation for future in vivo experiments.

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