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老齡對腰椎松質(zhì)骨沖擊力學特性的影響

The Impact of Aging on Mechanical Properties of Lumbar Trabecular Bone

作者: 高明  張忠君  馬洪順 
單位:吉林大學中日聯(lián)誼醫(yī)院(長春130031)
關(guān)鍵詞: 腰椎松質(zhì)骨;沖擊;力學特性;對比分析 
分類號:
出版年·卷·期(頁碼):2010·29·5(508-510)
摘要:

目的 腰椎松質(zhì)骨的沖擊力學特性對治療骨質(zhì)疏松、骨重建、骨再造以及人工關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)等具有重要的臨床意義,本文對正常國人青年和老年新鮮尸體腰椎松質(zhì)骨進行沖擊試驗,通過分析確定老年腰椎松質(zhì)骨和青年尸體腰椎松質(zhì)骨是否具有不同的沖擊力學特性。方法 死后1h之內(nèi)解剖取出青年和老年死者腰椎L1-L5標本,并將標本沿縱向切成長30mm、寬5mm、高5mm的試樣共40個,按年齡分青年和老年組各20個樣本。以能量釋放方法對2組樣本進行沖擊實驗,根據(jù)試驗機顯示出的樣本承受的沖擊功,利用材料力學中的數(shù)學公式計算出每個樣本的沖擊韌性。結(jié)果 青年組腰椎松質(zhì)骨承受的沖擊功為(35.92±3.26)N·mm,沖擊韌性為(1.44±0.13)N·cm/mm2;老年組的沖擊功為(28.2±294)N·mm,沖擊韌性為(1.14±0.11)N·cm/mm2。結(jié)論 老年組腰椎松質(zhì)骨的沖擊力學特性因老年性骨質(zhì)疏松發(fā)生一定變化,其沖擊力學性能顯著降低。

Object It is very valuable to study the mechanical property of lumbar cancellous bone for the treatment of osteoporosis, bone remodeling, bone reconstruction, artificial joint replacement surgery and so on. This paper presents the impact tests of young and old lumbar cancellous bones, that definites whether the impact mechanical properties of old corpse spongiosa bone is different from younger’s. Methods In 1 hour of dying, forty specimens of lumbar vertebra L1-L5 were obtained from 4 corpses, aged 22,28,68,and 70 years old, and divided into young and old groups, twenty specimens in each group respectively. And every sample was slivered into 30mm long, 5mm extending and 5mm high along longitudinal direction.. Then each sample was carried on the impact experiment by the energy liberation method. The maximum impact energy of samples were demonstrated on the test machine and the impact toughness were calculated with a formula. Results The impact energy was (35.92±3.26)N·mm in youth group, and (28.2±2.94)N·mm in old group. The impact toughness in young group was (1.44±0.13)N·cm/mm2, (1.14±0.11)N·cm/mm2 in old group. It was indicated that the impact mechanical property of old person’s lumbar vertebra spongiosa reduced because the senile osteoporosis changed.

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