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青年與老年肋骨扭轉(zhuǎn)力學(xué)特性對(duì)比分析

Comparsion of Torsional Property Between Young and Old Ribs

作者: 權(quán)鐵剛    高明    馬洪順 
單位:吉林大學(xué)中日聯(lián)誼醫(yī)院(長(zhǎng)春130041)
關(guān)鍵詞: 年齡;肋骨;扭矩;扭轉(zhuǎn)角;切應(yīng)力 
分類號(hào):
出版年·卷·期(頁碼):2011·30·4(412-414)
摘要:

選擇胸椎骨折固定器需要了解肋骨的力學(xué)特性。本文對(duì)正常國人青年和老年尸體肋骨進(jìn)行扭轉(zhuǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn),并對(duì)比分析青年和老年尸體肋骨的扭轉(zhuǎn)力學(xué)特性,為臨床提供生物力學(xué)參數(shù)。實(shí)驗(yàn)標(biāo)本取自4具正常國人男性新鮮尸體肋骨,年齡分別為23歲、27歲、72歲、76歲,根據(jù)年齡分為青年組和老年組。以肋骨標(biāo)本沿縱向切成長(zhǎng)55mm的樣本試樣,每組各20個(gè)。實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境溫度為20℃,將樣本兩端裝夾于扭轉(zhuǎn)試驗(yàn)機(jī)的夾頭內(nèi),以1°/s的扭轉(zhuǎn)速度對(duì)試樣施加扭矩,測(cè)試樣本破壞后的最大扭矩和最大扭轉(zhuǎn)角值,并計(jì)算其扭轉(zhuǎn)切應(yīng)力,同時(shí)觀察樣本破壞斷口的形貌。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,青年組肋骨最大扭矩、切應(yīng)力和扭轉(zhuǎn)角均大于老年組,有顯著性差異(P < 0.05) ,因此青年組和老年組肋骨具有不同的扭轉(zhuǎn)力學(xué)特性。樣本斷口形貌顯示,2組樣本斷口多數(shù)為斜型,少數(shù)為橫型。大體觀察,青年組肋骨骨小梁排列細(xì)密,老年組肋骨骨小梁排列稀疏,具有老年骨質(zhì)疏松的特征。

The choice of the thoracic spine fracture fixation needs to recognize the torsional parameters of ribs. In this paper, we carried on the torsional experiment to the normal youth and the old fresh corpse ribs for analyzing their torsional properties and providing the biomechanics parameter in clinic. Forty experimental specimens were taken from 4 normal male fresh corpse, aged 23,27,72,76 years old respectively, and slivered into 55mm long longitudinally, The specimens were divided into 2 groups according to age, each group of 20 specimens. Under the temperature of 20℃, each specimen was nipped to the testing machine and twisted until it was broken at the speed of the 1° per second. When the specimen was broken we captured the maximums of torque and torsion angle via the test machine, observed the macroscopic fracture appearance of each specimen. The shear stress of each specimen was following calculated as well. The experimental results proved that the maximum torque, shear stress and torsion angle of youth rib were greater than those of the old with significant differences (P<0.05), which means there is difference in torsion property between youth and the old. By macroscopic observation we found that the most of fractured surfaces showed slanting and less horizontal, the bone trabecula of youth rib arranged closely, the old’s arranged sparsely, which are some features of senile osteoporosis.

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