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新生兒睡眠期的腦電非線性分析方法

Nonlinear Analysis of Electroencephalogram for Neonates in Sleep
作者： 楊寶爵    彭誠    丁海艷    張丹丹    劉云峰    葉大田 
單位：清華大學(xué)深圳研究生院（廣東深圳518055）
關(guān)鍵詞： 新生兒腦電；近似熵；樣本熵；非線性分析 
分類號：
出版年·卷·期（頁碼）：2011·30·6（562-566）
摘要：

目的 腦電(electroencephalogram，EEG)是新生兒腦功能監(jiān)護(hù)中重要的生理信號，近年研究發(fā)現(xiàn)基于非線性動力學(xué)的復(fù)雜度分析能夠客觀反映大腦成熟度、睡眠周期和驚厥狀態(tài)等。方法 本文針對神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)發(fā)育正常的早產(chǎn)新生兒組和足月新生兒組，采用近似熵（approximate entropy, ApEn）和樣本熵（sample entropy, SampEn）兩種非線性參數(shù)，對新生兒在安靜睡眠期(quiet sleep, QS)和活動睡眠期(active sleep, AS)的腦電信號進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果 神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)發(fā)育正常的新生兒中，AS期的ApEn和SampEn均高于QS期，且具有顯著性差異；隨著受孕后年齡(postmenstrual age, PMA)的增大，新生兒QS期的ApEn和SampEn的值均隨之增加，且波動逐漸減弱，而AS期的ApEn和SampEn的值并無顯著變化；絕大多數(shù)新生兒在AS期與QS期的SampEn之差高于ApEn之差。結(jié)論 AS期新生兒EEG的復(fù)雜度大于QS期的復(fù)雜度；隨著PMA的增大，新生兒EEG的復(fù)雜度提高，腦功能發(fā)育趨于成熟；ApEn與SampEn在表現(xiàn)新生兒腦電信號復(fù)雜度上趨勢一致，但SampEn在區(qū)分AS與QS方面更具優(yōu)勢。

Objective Electroencephalogram (EEG) is an important physiological signal in neonatal cerebral function monitoring. It is reported that the complexity analysis of neonatal EEG based on nonlinear dynamics can reflect the brain maturity, sleep cycles and convulsions. Methods To investigate the relationship between sleep cycle and nonlinear parameters of neonatal EEG, the EEGs of preterm and full-term neonates were analyzed through approximate entropy (ApEn) and sample entropy (SampEn) in this paper. Results Three phenomena were observed in the neonates with normally developed nervous systems. The first was that the EEG entropies of neonates are higher in active sleep (AS) than those in quiet sleep (QS) with significant differences. The second was that both of ApEns and SampEns of the neonatal EEG increased continuously and fluctuated decreasingly in QS, changed insignificantly in AS with the rising of the promenstral age(PMA). The third was that the differences of SampEns between AS and QS were more obvious than those of ApEns in most cases. Conclusions The complexity of neonatal EEGs in AS is higher than that in QS, the complexity of neonatal EEGs increases with the rise of their PMA, indicating the gradual maturation of neonatal sleep cycle. The SampEn is in accordance with ApEn in representing the complexity of neonatal EEGs, however more significant in distinguishing between AS and QS.
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