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不同負荷模擬行走時的生理、生物力學信號分析

Analysis of physiological and biomechanical signals during simulated walking with different loads

作者: 諶玉紅  鄭捷文  李晨明  任鵬飛  郭亞飛 
單位:                      總后軍需裝備研究所(北京100010)        
關(guān)鍵詞:                     背囊;負荷行走;主觀疲勞感;生理信號;生物力學信號          
分類號:
出版年·卷·期(頁碼):2014·33·6(603-608)
摘要:

           目的 分析不同負荷模擬行走過程中生理、生物力學信號及人體主觀疲勞感的變化特征,探索導致負荷行走疲勞的相關(guān)因素。方法 選擇6名健康成年男性進行5種負荷(25kg,29kg,34kg,37kg,39kg)模擬徒步行走試驗(速度5km/h,坡度0%),連續(xù)行走30min,同步采集心肺功能參數(shù)、肩部拉力、軀干壓力、主觀疲勞感等生理和生物力學信號。結(jié)果 隨著負荷量增大,心率(heart rate, HR)、呼吸率(breathing rate, BR)、通氣量(minute ventilation volume, VE)、攝氧量(oxygen consumption, VO2)呈逐步上升趨勢,且在37~39kg段上升速率明顯加快。肩部拉力與負荷量有較強的相關(guān)性。肩、背、腰部壓力受背囊胸部束帶、腰部束帶的松緊程度影響較大,在37kg處出現(xiàn)變化趨勢轉(zhuǎn)折點。肩和全身疲勞評分遠高于背部和腰部。結(jié)論 37kg是人體心肺功能疲勞的閾值點,在大于該負荷的行走試驗中,應考慮受試個體的心肺運動能力對疲勞的影響。肩部拉力和壓力可作為疲勞評價的主要因素。    

       Objective To analyze the characteristics and trends of physiological and biomechanical signal and to explore relative factors resulting in fatigue in walking with load. Methods Cardio-pulmonary function parameters, shoulder force, trunk pressure, and perceived fatigue were sampled simultaneously in six healthy men during 30-minute simulated walking (speed at 5km/h, slope at 0%) experiment under five different conditions of backpack loads (25kg,29kg,34kg,37kg,39kg). Results Heart rate (HR), breathing rate (BR), minute ventilation volume (VE), oxygen consumption (VO2) gradually increased as the payload increased, and the increasing rate became bigger during 37-39kg trials. Shoulder force was high correlated with payload. Pressures at shoulder, waist, and back regions were influenced by the tension degree of waist and chest belts, and 37kg was the turning point. The scores of perceived fatigues in shoulder and whole body were higher than those of back and waist. Conclusions Thirty-seven kilogram is the threshold value of fatigue in cardio-pulmonary function, and cardio-pulmonary exercising capacity should be considered when we study simulated walking with payloads greater than 37kg. Shoulder force and pressure are considered as main factors for fatigue evaluation.

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