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青年人下肢主動和被動運動生物力學分析

Biomechanical analysis on active and passiveexercise of lower limbs in young people

作者: 關龍彪  黃云飛  樊瑜波  孫聯(lián)文 
單位:北京航空航天大學生物與醫(yī)學工程學院生物力學與力生物學教育部重點實驗室(北京100191)
關鍵詞: 運動療法;腓腸肌;  肌電信號;足底壓力;生物力學分析 
分類號:R318.01
出版年·卷·期(頁碼):2017·36·1(50-54)
摘要:

目的 運動療法包括主動運動和被動運動兩種方式,不同的方式對患者治療效果不同。然而,在運動治療過程中,患者對所進行的運動療法存在理解和力度控制偏差,導致自主參與程度不合理,使實際的運動治療方式與最初設想的不同。本研究以青年人為研究對象,旨在確立一種客觀判斷主動和被動運動差異的特征性指標,用以分析和評價青年患者的運動方式,進而矯正因自主參與程度不同導致的運動方式偏差。方法 實驗選取24名20~30周歲的健康青年人作為受試者(男、女各12人),實驗內容為在腳踏車上先后進行主動和被動運動訓練。運動速度為30 r/min,持續(xù)時間3 min。運動過程中,利用肌電測量系統(tǒng)記錄受試者腓腸肌肌電信號、足底壓力測量系統(tǒng)記錄足底壓力大小。結果 不同運動方式下,腓腸肌肌電信號峰-峰值、積分肌電值和足底壓力AD值[(最大值-最小值)/平均值]分界明顯,具有顯著性差異(P<0.01);腓腸肌肌電信號方差值和足底壓力最大值分界明顯,具有顯著性差異(P<0.05)。上述結果不受性別差異的影響。結論 不同運動方式下,肌電信號峰-峰值、積分肌電值、方差值和足底壓力AD值、最大值分界明顯,很可能可以作為判別青年人下肢主動運動和被動運動的客觀指標,用以評價受試者自主參與運動治療的程度。

Objective Sport therapy can be divided into two ways,active exercise and passive exercise. Different forms of exercise can lead to different effect. However,in the process of exercise therapy,the actual way of exercise may be different from the planned,because the patients have their own understanding and control deviation of strength,which may lead to an unreasonable independent participation. The study taking young people as the object of study,aims to establish an objective and characteristic index which can judge the way of sport therapy in order to analyze and evaluate the patient’s exercise,and then,correct the deviation caused by patients’ independent participation. Methods Twenty-four healthy participants aged 20-30years (twelve men and twelve women) were trained on the bike in different way of exercise. The speed was 30r/min,and the duration was 3 min. In the process of exercise,the plantar pressure measurement system was used to record plantar pressure,and electrical measuring system was used to record the amplitude of gastrocnemius muscle signal. Results Under different motion modes,The gastrocnemius muscle EMG peak,integral EMG and variance,the AD value have a clear demarcation and extremely significant differences (P<0.01). The gastrocnemius muscle EMG variance and maximum value of plantar pressure have a clear demarcation and significant differences (P<0.05). These results were not influenced by gender differences. Conclusions In different ways of motion,the peak value of the muscle electrical signal,the AD value and the maximum value of plantar pressure have a clear demarcation,and possibly can be used as an objective index to evaluate the active and passive exercise of young people’s lower limbs.

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